Ashrae standard 170 2017 free download

Ashrae standard 170 2017 free download

ASHRAE Standard 170-2017,Post navigation

ASHRAE pdf free download continues a long tradition of top-quality technical documents and takes readers beyond the basics. This ashrae table AASHRAE Search and Buy ASHRAE Standards. Company-Wide ASHRAE Subscriptions Available. ANSI/ASHRAE/ASHE Standard, Ventilation of Health Care Facilities. NOTE: All documents Standard , Ventilation of Health Care Facilities Standard (RA ) -- Peak Cooling and Heating Load Calculations in Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings standard by ASHRAE, This document has been replaced. View the most recent version. �� Amendments Available View all product details Historical Track It Language: Available Ashrae Standard 17l [pdf] Free Download Book Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family. Dwellings most current edition of ASHRAE – ... read more

Iethods of Construction, or Design. The provisions of this standard are not intended to prevent the use of any material, method of construction, design, or building system not specifically prescribed herein, provided that such construction, design, or building system has been approved by the AHJ as meeting the intent of this standard. The informative appendices to this standard and informative notes located within this standard contain recommendations, explanations, and other nonmandatory information and arc not part of this standard. This standard often specifies a range of values that will comply with a specific requirement of the standard. In a building that contains spaces programmed for inpatient use as well as spaces programmed for outpatient use, the inpatient care spaces shall be designed solely for inpatient use and the outpatient care spaces shall be designed solely for outpatient use.

Individual spaces that are dual programmed for either inpatient use or outpatient use shall meet the design requirements for inpatient use of the space. PLANNING 5. Space programming and planning details that impact the HVAC design shall be identified and addressed in the planning phase of design. Facilities without operating rooms, that consist of spaces designed solely for outpatient or residential health, care, and support use, need only comply with Sections 5. Ownersmanagers of health care facilities shall do the following: a. Space Program. Castillo Michael R. Keen Zaccary A. Poots John M.

Dombrowski Marvin L. Kloostra Amber M. Scales Douglas S. Erickson Dan Koenigshofer Kevin A. Scarlett Jeremy P. Fauber Peter H. Langowski Gordon P. Sharp Steven D. Friedman Michael D. Locke Erica Stewart Glenn Saint Aubin Gall Kenneth R. Mead Andrew J. Streifel Frederich E. Granzow Farhad Memarzadeh James Skip Gregory James S. Merlino ASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE — Steven J. Emmerich, Chair Roger L. Hedrick David Robin Donald M. Brundage, Vice-Chair Rick M. Heiden Peter Simmonds Niels Bidstrup Jonathan Humble Dennis A. Stanke Michael D. Corbat Srinivas Katipamula Wayne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr. Drury B. Crawley Kwang Woo Kim Richard T. Swierczyna Julie M. Ferguson Larry Kouma Jack H. Zarour Michael W. Gallagher Arsen K. Melikov Lawrence C. Markel, BOD ExO Walter T. Grondzik R. Lee Millies, Jr. Ginger Scoggins, CO Vinod P. Gupta Karl L. Peterman Susanna S. Hanson Erick A. Phelps Stephen C. Ferguson, Senior Manager of Standards SPECIAL NOTE This American National Standard ANS is a national voluntary consensus Standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE.

This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution. ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review. ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The Project Committee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, all must be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project Committees.

The Senior Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted for a. interpretation of the contents of this Standard, b. participation in the next review of the Standard, c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, or d. permission to reprint portions of the Standard. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformance to them is completely voluntary. In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied, that the product has been approved by ASHRAE. org · All rights reserved. ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute. This foreword is not part of this standard. It has not been pro- Standard will be included in the Hospitals and Out- cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a standard patient Facilities books.

and may contain material that has not been subject to public review or a consensus process. Unresolved objec- Due to timing constraints, these three sections in the stan- tors on informative material are not offered the right to dard are identical. Changes to help differentiate outpatient appeal at ASHRAE or ANSI. and residential health, care, and support requirements from hospital requirements are currently undergoing final publica- FOREWORD tion approval and will be published as Addendum n. The refor- mat was included in this edition to simplify the incorporation Standard originated with an agreement between of these upcoming changes. As always, the standard does not ASHRAE and the Facility Guidelines Institute publishers of dictate which types of spaces are required in which types of the Guidelines for Design and Construction of Health Care facilities.

The requirements for spaces that do not exist in any Facilities that an ASHRAE standard would provide the best given facility type may be ignored. location for ventilation requirements for the health care The committee appreciates the hard work invested in this industry. The American Society of Health Care Engineering edition by everyone who participated. The committee also ASHE was also included in this process, which resulted in appreciates the feedback received from the addendum public the initial edition of this standard—the first standard review and continuous maintenance proposal processes. jointly sponsored by ASHRAE and ASHE. Additional future input from the public is welcome. This edition to the standard includes a number of significant improvements to the edition. As a continuous 1. PURPOSE maintenance document, Standard is updated on a four- year cycle in concert with documents published by FGI. The purpose of this standard is to define ventilation system This standard does not constitute a design guide.

Rather design requirements that provide environmental control for it comprises a set of minimum requirements intended for comfort, asepsis, and odor in health care facilities. adoption by code-enforcing agencies. Best practices are pro- vided by other ASHRAE publications, such as ASHRAE 2. SCOPE Handbook—HVAC Applications and HVAC Design Manual 2. areas and related support areas within health care facilities, The edition includes several significant improve- including hospitals, nursing facilities, and outpatient facilities. ments: 2. only airborne infection isolation and protective environ- ment rooms 3. array in operating rooms Informative Note: See FGI , CDC , and CDC The edition was also editorially reformatted into in Appendix B. three sections: hospital spaces, outpatient spaces, and nurs- airborne infection isolation room: a room that is designed ing home spaces.

This change allows for easier coordination according to the requirements of this standard and that is between the standard and FGI documents, which, as of the intended to provide airborne infection isolation. Rou- tial Health, Care, and Support Facilities tine maintenance and service shall not constitute an alteration. risks and goals. Accepted standards of patient care are used to average velocity: the volumetric flow rate obtained by divid- determine where an invasive procedure is performed. procedures ranging from a simple injection to a major surgi- cal procedure. For the purposes of this document, the term is building: a structure that is wholly or partially enclosed limited to the above description. The intent is to differentiate within exterior walls and a roof, or within exterior and party those procedures that carry a high risk of infection, either by walls and a roof, and that affords shelter to persons, animals, exposure of a usually sterile body cavity to the external envi- or property.

In this standard, a building is a structure intended ronment or by implantation of a foreign object into a nor- for use as a hospital or health care facility. mally sterile site. not be included in this definition. essential accessories: those components of a system, required invasive imaging procedure room: a room in which radio- to allow proper operation of that system, that are reasonably graphic imaging is used and in which instruments or devices subject to mechanical failure e. in this definition. nonaspirating diffuser: a diffuser that has unidirectional high-risk immunocompromised patients: patients who have downward airflow from the ceiling with minimum entrain- the greatest risk of infection caused by airborne or waterborne ment of room air.

Classified as ASHRAE Group E, these dif- microorganisms. These patients include but are not limited to fusers generally have very low average velocity. For the allogeneic stem-cell transplant patients and intensive chemo- purposes of this standard, the performance of these diffusers therapy patients. is to be measured in terms of average velocity. immunocompromised patients: patients whose immune mech- nursing facility: a facility that provides resident care, treat- anisms are deficient because of immunologic disorders, chronic ment, and services areas including skilled nursing, subacute diseases, or immunosuppressive therapy.

Informative Notes: 1. equipped for performing surgical or other invasive procedures. Examples of chronic diseases include diabetes, can- An aseptic field is required for all procedures performed in an cer, emphysema, or cardiac failure. Any form of anesthesia may be administered in an OR if 3. Examples of immunosuppressive therapy include proper anesthesia gas administration devices are present and radiation, cytotoxic chemotherapy, antirejection waste anesthesia gas disposal systems are provided. medication, or steroids. patient care area: an area used primarily for the provision of 4. For more information, see CDC in Appen- clinical care to patients. Such care includes monitoring, eval- dix B. uation, and treatment services. Local anesthesia and minimal and moderate seda- inpatient: a patient whose stay at the health care facility is tion may be administered in a procedure room as long as spe- anticipated to require twenty-four hours or more of patient care.

cial ventilation or waste-anesthesia gas-disposal systems are not required for anesthetic agents used in these rooms. is performed in an aseptic surgical field i. dure site ; c. may involve insertion of an indwelling foreign body. of the surgical suite that can only be accessed through a semire- Informative Note: Invasive procedures are performed in stricted area. The restricted access is primarily intended to sup- locations suitable to the technical requirements of the proce- port a high level of asepsis control, not necessarily for security purposes. Personnel in restricted areas are see FGI in Appendix B. required to wear surgical attire and cover head and facial hair. the AHJ. triage: the process of determining the severity of the illness of 4. design, or building system not specifically prescribed herein, provided that such construction, design, or building system 4. The informative appendices to 4. New buildings shall comply with the this standard and informative notes located within this stan- provisions of this standard.

dard contain recommendations, explanations, and other non- 4. Additions shall 4. This standard often specifies a range of comply with the provisions of this standard. values that will comply with a specific requirement of the 4. Portions of a standard. form within the specified range. PLANNING System Alterations. Any new mechanical in each space, and any special clinical needs for temperature, equipment installed in conjunction with the alteration as a humidity, and pressure control. This program shall be prepared direct replacement of existing mechanical equipment shall in the planning phase of design. comply with the provisions of Sections 6. SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT 4. Alterations to spaces listed in Table 6.

Any alteration but also with ventilation to dilute and remove contaminants, to existing health care space in a building that will continue to provide conditioned air, and assist in controlling the transmis- treat patients during construction shall comply with Sections sion of airborne infection. In order to meet these require- ments, air-handling and distribution systems shall be designed according to the requirements of this standard. Administrative require- 6. The exemption, approved calculation methods, rights of approved space ventilation and pressure relationship requirements of calculation methods, and rights of appeal are specified by the Tables 7.

spaces, even in the event of loss of normal electrical power: 4. AII rooms 4. Compliance documents are those plans, b. PE rooms specifications, engineering calculations, diagrams, reports, c. Operating rooms ORs , including delivery rooms Cae- and other data that are approved as part of the permit by the sarean AHJ. control risk assessment. Compliance documents shall 6. breakdown or routine maintenance. The capacity of the 4. radiology waiting rooms programmed to hold patients who Exception to 6. laboratory work area chemical fume hoods shall 6. equipment rooms. Positive-pressure exhaust ductwork located within mechanical equipment rooms shall be 6.

The casing of the AHU shall be Class A 2. designed to prevent water intrusion, resist corrosion, and per- mit access for inspection and maintenance. All airstream sur- b. Exhaust discharge outlets from AII rooms, bronchoscopy and sputum collection exhaust, pharmacy hazardous-drug 6. Outdoor air intakes for AHUs shall be exhausted enclosures, and laboratory work area chemical located a minimum of 25 ft 8 m from cooling towers and all fume hoods shall additionally be arranged to discharge to exhaust and vent discharges. Outdoor air intakes shall be the atmosphere in a vertical direction with no rain cap or located such that the bottom of the air intake is at least 6 ft other device to impede the vertical momentum and at 2 m above grade.

New facilities with moderate-to-high risk least 10 ft 3 m above the adjoining roof level. of natural or man-made extraordinary incidents shall locate air intakes away from public access. All intakes shall be designed b. with a birdscreen of mesh no smaller than 0. Exhaust discharge outlets from AII rooms, bronchoscopy Exception to 6. Standard location Informative Note: e. Relief air is exempt from the 25 ft 8 m air intake but with the exhaust discharge point above the separation requirement. Relief air is defined as the Class 1 air top of the air intake may be used. The submitted reen- that could be returned to the air-handling unit from the occu- trainment analysis shall demonstrate that an exhaust dis- pied spaces but is being discharged to the outdoors to maintain charge outlet located at a distance less than 25 ft 8 m building pressurization such as during air-side economizer horizontally provides a lower concentration of reentrain- operation.

ment than all the areas located at a distance greater than Informative Note: For more information, see ASHRAE 25 ft 8 m horizontally on the roof level where the Standard exhaust discharge is located. Intakes on top of buildings shall 6. Filter banks shall be provided in accordance be located with the bottom of the air intake a minimum of 3 ft with Table 6. Each filter bank with an efficiency of greater 1 m above roof level. than MERV 12 shall be provided with an installed manome- 6. In the case of an areaway, the bottom ter or differential pressure measuring device that is readily of the air intake opening shall be at least 6 ft 2 m above accessible and provides a reading of differential static pres- grade.

The bottom of the air intake opening from the areaway sure across the filter to indicate when the filter needs to be into the building shall be at least 3 ft 1 m above the bottom changed. All of the air provided to a space shall be filtered in of the areaway. accordance with Table 6. Sections 7. Exhaust discharge outlets that dis- Informative Note: For more information, see CDC charge air from AII rooms, bronchoscopy and sputum col- in Appendix B. Additional prefilters may be used to reduce maintenance for filters with efficiencies higher than MERV 7. As an alternative, MERV rated filters may be used in Filter Bank No. Informative Note: High-efficiency particulate air HEPA filters are those filters that remove at least Filter Bank No. Gravity-type heating or cooling units, such as radiators mixed air is filtered. or convectors, shall not be used in ORs and other special care 6.

installed downstream of all wet-air cooling coils and the sup- 6. Cooling towers shall be located so ply fan. All second filter banks shall have sealing interface that drift is directed away from AHU intakes. They shall meet surfaces. the requirements of Section 6. Filter-bank blank-off 6. When outdoor humidity and internal mois- panels shall be permanently attached to the filter-bank frame, ture sources are not sufficient to meet the requirements of constructed of rigid materials, and have sealing surfaces equal Tables 7. Steam or adiabatic bank frame.

high-pressure water-atomizing humidifiers shall be used. Filter frames shall be durable and 6. All joints between filter segments and enclosing a. Locate humidifiers within AHUs or ductwork to avoid ductwork shall have gaskets or seals to provide a positive seal moisture accumulation in downstream components, against air leakage. including filters and insulation. A humidity sensor shall be provided, located at a suitable 6. Cooling coils and distance downstream from the injection source. Controls shall be provided to limit duct humidity to a max- ASHRAE Standard If radiant cooling panels d. above the dew-point temperature of the space. Humidifier control valves shall be designed so that they 6. If radiant heating is pro- remain off whenever the AHU unit is not in operation. vided for an AII room, a protective environment room, a 6. Chemical addi- wound intensive care unit burn unit , an OR, or a procedure tives used in the steam systems that serve humidifiers shall room, either flat and smooth radiant ceiling or wall panels with comply with FDA requirements 3.

Informative Note: Refer to the ASHRAE Handbook—Fundamentals, Chapter 20 ASHRAE [c] , for definitions related to outlet classification and performance. Surgeons may require alternate air distribution systems for some specialized surgeries. Such systems shall be considered acceptable if they meet or exceed the requirements of this standard. Air distribution systems using Group D diffusers shall meet the following requirements: 1. The supply diffuser shall be located where it cannot be permanently blocked Informative Note: e. The transfer grille to the toilet room shall be located above the occupied zone. Humidifier water shall be treated with a reverse osmosis 6. All air distribution devices process, a UV-C sterilization light source, and a submi- shall meet the following requirements: cron filter.

Informative Note: For more information, see ASTM in Appendix B. Surfaces of air distribution devices shall be suitable for b. Treated humidifier water shall be continuously circulated cleaning. Supply air outlets in accordance with Table 6. All valves, head- shall be used. ers, and piping not part of the recirculation loop shall b. The supply diffusers in ORs shall be designed and drain completely when not in use. installed to allow for internal cleaning. Ports suitable for testing water quality shall be provided in c. Psychiatric, seclusion, and holding patient rooms shall be the treated humidifier water piping system. designed with security diffusers, grilles, and registers. Moisture eliminators shall be provided as required to pre- 6. Where smoke barriers are required, vent moisture accumulation in ductwork.

heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning zones shall be coor- dinated with compartmentation to minimize ductwork pene- 6. Maintain the pressure relationships required 6. Spaces that have required a. Maintenance access shall be provided at all dampers. pressure relationships shall be served by fully ducted return b. All damper locations shall be shown on design drawings. systems or fully ducted exhaust systems. The following addi- c. Air-handling systems shall be arranged such that damper tional surgery and critical-care patient care areas that do not activation will not damage ducts. require a pressure relationship to adjacent areas shall also be 6. Ducts that penetrate construction served by fully ducted return or exhaust systems: recovery intended to protect against x-ray, magnetic, radio frequency rooms, critical and intensive care areas, intermediate care interference RFI , or other radiation shall not impair the areas, and wound intensive care units burn units.

In inpatient effectiveness of the protection, nor shall the treatment of these facilities, patient care areas shall use ducted systems for penetrations impair the ventilation of the space served. return and exhaust air. Where space pressure relationships are required, the air distribution system design shall maintain 6. Energy recovery systems shall be located loading, heating-season lower airflow operation, and cooling- upstream of Filter Bank No. If energy recovery systems are season higher airflow operation. Airstream surfaces of the air used, the systems shall not allow for any amount of cross- distribution system downstream of Filter Bank No.

purge, leakage, carryover, or transfer except as allowed in The air distribution system shall be provided with access Section 6. Spaces shall be ventilated according to Table 7. Airborne infectious isolation room exhaust systems 1. If used for energy recovery. any form of variable-air-volume or load-shedding sys- Exception to 6. where the supply airstream components and the 2. The ventilation rates in this table are intended to pro- exhaust airstream components are fully separated by an vide for comfort as well as for asepsis and odor control air gap of adequate distance to prevent cross-contami- in spaces of a health care facility that directly affect nation that is open to the atmosphere e.

Ventilation rates for spaces not specified pumped coils. Where spaces with prescribed rates in both If energy recovery systems with leakage potential are used, Standard exhaust air directly back into the supply airstream. Energy 3. Energy recovery systems with leakage potential rooms. Spaces that are required in Table 7. bronchoscopy sputum collection and pentamidine administra- For spaces that require a positive or negative pressure tion, laboratory fume hood and other directly ducted laboratory relationship, the number of air changes can be reduced equipment exhaust, waste anesthesia gas disposal, autopsy, when the space is unoccupied, provided that the nonrefrigerated body holding, endoscope cleaning, central required pressure relationship to adjoining spaces is medical and surgical supply soiled or decontamination room, maintained while the space is unoccupied and that the laundry general, hazardous material storage, dialyzer repro- minimum number of air changes indicated is reestab- cessing room, nuclear medicine hot lab, nuclear medicine treat- lished anytime the space becomes occupied.

Controls ment room, and any other space identified by the AHJ or the intended to switch the required pressure relationships infection control risk assessment ICRA team. between spaces from positive to negative, and vice 6. Air change rates in excess of the minimum values are expected in some cases in a. An exterior vapor barrier shall be provided for insulation order to maintain room temperature and humidity con- on cold surfaces. A vapor barrier is not required for insu- ditions based on the space cooling or heating load. lation materials that do not absorb or transmit moisture. The entire minimum outdoor air changes per hour b. Existing insulation and duct lining accessible during a required by Table 7.

replaced as appropriate. Duct lining shall not be used in ductwork located down- 5. For spaces where Table 7. Duct lining with an imper- lated by room units, the portion of the minimum total vious cover may be allowed in terminal units, sound air changes per hour required for a space that is greater attenuators, and air distribution devices downstream of than the minimum outdoor air changes per hour Filter Bank No. This lining and cover shall be factory required component may be provided by recirculating installed. room HVAC units. Such recirculating room HVAC d. Duct lining shall not be installed within 15 ft 4. not receive nonfiltered, nonconditioned outdoor air; ii. serve only a single space; and 7. provide a minimum MERV 6 filter for airflow The ventilation requirements of this standard are minimums passing over any surface that is designed to con- that provide control of environmental comfort, asepsis, and dense water.

This filter shall be located upstream odor in hospital health care facilities. However, because they of any such cold surface, so that all of the air pass- are minimum requirements and because of the diversity of the ing over the cold surface is filtered. population and variations in susceptibility and sensitivity, 6. For air-handling systems serving multiple spaces, sys- these requirements do not provide assured protection from tem minimum outdoor air quantity shall be calculated discomfort, airborne transmission of contagions, and odors. using one of the following methods: 7. The following general require- i. HVAC units with heating or cooling coils are acceptable for provid- n.

If pressure-monitoring device alarms are installed, allowances shall ing that portion of the minimum total air changes per hour that is per- be made to prevent nuisance alarms. Short-term excursions from mitted by Section 7. Because of the cleaning required pressure relationships shall be allowed while doors are mov- difficulty and potential for buildup of contamination, recirculating ing or temporarily open. permitted in existing facilities as interim, supplemental environmental o. The design of either portable or fixed systems should prevent that exceed the minimum indicated ranges. stagnation and short circuiting of airflow. The design of such systems p. Treatment rooms used for bronchoscopy shall be treated as bronchos- shall also allow for easy access for scheduled preventative mainte- copy rooms.

Treatment rooms used for procedures with nitrous oxide nance and cleaning. shall contain provisions for exhausting anesthetic waste gases. Pharmacy compounding areas may have additional air change, differ- q. In a recirculating ventilation system, HEPA filters shall be permitted ential pressure, and filtering requirements beyond the minimum of instead of exhausting the air from these spaces to the outdoors, pro- this table, depending on the type of pharmacy, the regulatory require- vided that the return air passes through the HEPA filters before it is ments which may include adoption of USP , the associated introduced into any other spaces.

The entire minimum total air level of risk of the work, and the equipment used in the spaces. Infor- changes per hour of recirculating airflow shall pass through HEPA mative Note: See USP a in Appendix B. When these areas are open to larger, nonwaiting spaces, the c. Informative Note: The intent here is to not require victims. The OR within the trauma center that is routinely used for the volume calculation to include a very large space e. just because a waiting area opens onto it. Pressure relationships need not be maintained when the room is r.

See NFPA 99 10 for further requirements. See Section 7. Higher ventilation rates above the total ach listed shall be used when ing and cooling, baseboard heating, etc. are used. dictated by the laboratory program requirements and the hazard level t. The protective environment airflow design specifications protect the of the potential contaminants in each laboratory work area. Lower total patient from common environmental airborne infectious microbes ach ventilation rates shall be permitted when a Hazard Assessment per- i. Constant-volume airflow is Laboratory Ventilation13 determines that either a acceptable expo- required for consistent ventilation for the protected environment. The sure concentrations in the laboratory work area can be achieved with a pressure relationship to adjacent areas shall remain unchanged if the lower minimum total ach ventilation rate than is listed in Table 7.

See ASHRAE [] in Informative Appendix B. The AII room described in this standard shall be used for isolating g. All air need not be exhausted if darkroom equipment has a scaveng- the airborne spread of infectious diseases, such as measles, varicella, ing exhaust duct attached and meets ventilation standards regarding or tuberculosis. Supplemental recirculating devices using HEPA fil- NIOSH 5, OSHA, and local employee exposure limits. ters shall be permitted in the AII room to increase the equivalent h. A nonrefrigerated body-holding room is applicable only to facilities room air exchanges; however, the minimum outdoor air changes of that do not perform autopsies on-site and use the space for short peri- Table 7.

AII rooms that are retrofitted from stan- ods while waiting for the body to be transferred. dard patient rooms from which it is impractical to exhaust directly i. Minimum total air changes per hour ach shall be that required to outdoors may be recirculated with air from the AII room, provided provide proper makeup air to kitchen exhaust systems as specified in that air first passes through a HEPA filter. In some cases, excess exfiltration or used for airborne infection isolation, the pressure relationship to infiltration to or from exit corridors compromises the exit corridor adjacent areas, when measured with the door closed, shall remain restrictions of NFPA 90A 7, the pressure requirements of NFPA 96 8, unchanged, and the minimum total air change rate shall be 6 ach. or the maximum defined in the table.

During operation, a reduction to v. Room temperature ranges that exceed the minimum indicated range the number of air changes to any extent required for odor control shall shall be permitted if required by the laboratory program or laboratory be permitted when the space is not in use. The requirement that all room air is exhausted directly to outdoors exhaust air shall be discharged directly to the outdoors and not recir- applies only to radiology waiting rooms programmed to hold patients culated to other areas. Individual circumstances may require special who are waiting for chest x-rays for diagnosis of respiratory disease. consideration for air exhausted to the outdoors. To satisfy exhaust x. any point within the design temperature range required for that space.

For single-bed patient rooms using Group D diffusers, a minimum of l. Systems shall be capable of maintaining the rooms within the range six total ach shall be provided and calculated based on the volume during normal operation. Lower or higher temperature shall be per- from finished floor to 6 ft 1. See AAMI Standard ST79 11 for additional information for these those conditions. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIOSH crite- aa. Examination rooms programmed for use by patients with undiag- ria documents 9 regarding occupational exposure to waste anesthetic nosed gastrointestinal symptoms, undiagnosed respiratory symp- gases and vapors and control of occupational exposure to nitrous toms, or undiagnosed skin symptoms. System minimum outdoor air quantity shall be cal- 7.

Ventilation culated by the Ventilation Rate Procedure multi- for PE rooms shall meet the following requirements: ple zone formula of ASHRAE Standard The minimum outdoor air change rate listed in this a. The room envelope shall be sealed to provide a minimum standard shall be interpreted as the Voz zone out- differential pressure of 0. of water 2. the envelope. Air filtration for spaces shall comply with Table 6. Each PE room shall comply with the requirements of c. Supply air outlets for spaces shall comply with Table 6. Tables 6. When occupied by patients requiring a protective environment, PE rooms shall have a d. A local visual means shall be provided to indi- 7.

Ventila- tained. tion for AII rooms shall meet the following requirements c. Air distribution patterns within the protective environment whenever an infectious patient occupies the room: room shall conform to the following: 1. Supply air diffusers shall be located above the patient a. Each AII room shall comply with requirements of Tables bed unless it can be demonstrated that such a location 6. AII rooms shall have a permanently is not practical. Infor- the differential air pressure between the room when occu- mative Note: See ASHRAE b in Appendix B. pied by patients with a suspected airborne infectious dis- 2. the patient room door. A local visual means shall be provided to indicate when- d.

Differential pressure between PE rooms and adjacent ever negative differential pressure is not maintained. All air from the AII room shall be exhausted directly to in. Spaces such as the toilet room and the outdoors. the anteroom if present that are directly associated with Exception to 7. Table 7. All exhaust air from the AII rooms, associated anterooms, e. PE rooms retrofitted from standard patient rooms may be and associated toilet rooms shall be discharged directly to ventilated with recirculated air, provided that air first the outdoors without mixing with exhaust air from any passes through a HEPA filter and the room complies with other non-AII room or exhaust system. Section 7. Exhaust air grilles or registers in the patient room shall be f.

When an anteroom is provided, the pressure relationships located directly above the patient bed, on the ceiling or on shall be as follows: 1 the PE room shall be at a positive the wall near the head of the bed, unless it can be demon- pressure with respect to the anteroom, and 2 the anteroom strated that such a location is not practical. shall be at a positive pressure with respect to the corridor. The room envelope shall be sealed to provide a minimum 7. PE rooms shall meet the following requirements: f. Differential pressure between AII rooms and adjacent spaces that are not AII rooms shall be a minimum of —0. Supply air diffusers shall be located above the patient bed. of water —2. Spaces such as the toilet room and b. Exhaust grilles or registers shall be located near the the anteroom if present that are directly associated with patient room door. the AII room and open directly into the AII room are not c.

The pressure relationship to adjacent areas for the required required to be designed with a minimum pressure differ- anteroom shall be one of the following: ence from the AII room but are still required to maintain 1. common space. When an anteroom is provided, the pressure relationships 2. If anesthetic gases are administered, ventilation shall anteroom. the corridor or common space. Ventilation for morgue cate whenever differential pressure is not maintained. and autopsy rooms shall meet the following requirements: 7. Low sidewall exhaust grilles shall be provided unless 7. Burn- exhaust air is removed through an autopsy table designed unit patient rooms that require humidifiers to comply with for this purpose.

All exhaust air from autopsy, nonrefrigerated body hold- 7. toscopic Rooms, and Caesarean Delivery Rooms. These c. Differential pressure between morgue and autopsy rooms rooms shall be maintained at a positive pressure with respect and any adjacent spaces that have other functions shall be to all adjoining spaces at all times. A pressure differential a minimum of —0. Each room shall have individual temperature con- 7. These rooms shall be provided with a primary supply dif- a. Differential pressure between bronchoscopy procedure fuser array that is designed as follows: and sputum induction rooms and any adjacent spaces that a. The airflow shall be unidirectional, downwards, and the have other functions shall be a minimum of —0. The diffusers shall be concentrated to b. Local exhaust shall be provided for sputum collection pro- provide an airflow pattern over the patient and surgical team.

Informative Note: For more information, see Memarzadeh 7. All exposed equipment and Manning and Memarzadeh and Jiang in located with these spaces shall have enclosures with rounded Appendix B. corners and tamper-resistant fasteners. With the exception of b. The coverage area of the primary supply diffuser array HVAC room recirculating units, equipment shall be arranged shall extend a minimum of 12 in. Within the por- patient care spaces for service. tion of the primary supply diffuser array that consists of an area encompassing 12 in. However, because equipment booms, access panels, sprinklers, etc. they are minimum requirements and because of the diversity Additional supply diffusers shall be permitted within the of the population and variations in susceptibility and sensitiv- room, outside of the primary supply diffuser array, to provide ity, these requirements do not provide assured protection from additional ventilation to the operating room to achieve the envi- discomfort, airborne transmission of contagions, and odors.

ronmental requirements of Table 7. The following general require- humidity, or a portion of the required air change rates. ments shall apply for space ventilation: The room shall be provided with at least two low side- a. Spaces shall be ventilated according to Table 8. wall return or exhaust grilles spaced at opposite corners or as far apart as possible, with the bottom of these grilles installed 1. Design of the ventilation system shall provide air move- approximately 8 in. ment that is generally from clean to less-clean areas. If any form of variable-air-volume or load-shedding sys- Exception to 7. minimum air changes required by the table. Steam that escapes from a 2. The ventilation rates in this table are intended to pro- steam sterilizer shall be exhausted using an exhaust hood or vide for comfort as well as for asepsis and odor con- other suitable means.

Ethylene oxide that escapes from a gas trol in spaces of a health care facility that directly sterilizer shall be exhausted using an exhaust hood or other affect patient care. Ventilation rates for spaces not suitable means. Where spaces with prescribed rates in dure rooms, heating with supply air or radiant panels that both Standard the higher of the two air change rates shall be used. For design purposes, the minimum number of total air 8. Ventila- changes indicated shall be either supplied for positive tion for AII rooms shall meet the following requirements pressure rooms or exhausted for negative pressure whenever an infectious patient occupies the room: rooms. Spaces that are required in Table 8. Each AII room shall comply with requirements of Tables to be exhausted shall use the supply airflow rate to com- 6. AII rooms shall have a permanently pute the minimum total air changes per hour required.

required pressure relationship to adjoining spaces is A local visual means shall be provided to indicate when- maintained while the space is unoccupied and that the ever negative differential pressure is not maintained. minimum number of air changes indicated is reestab- b. All air from the AII room shall be exhausted directly to lished anytime the space becomes occupied. Controls the outdoors. intended to switch the required pressure relationships Exception to 8. ditions based on the space cooling or heating load. All exhaust air from the AII rooms, associated anterooms, 4. The entire minimum outdoor air changes per hour and associated toilet rooms shall be discharged directly to required by Table 8. other non-AII room or exhaust system. For spaces where Table 8.

Exhaust air grilles or registers in the patient room shall be lated by room units, the portion of the minimum total located directly above the patient bed, on the ceiling or on air changes per hour required for a space that is greater the wall near the head of the bed, unless it can be demon- than the minimum outdoor air changes per hour strated that such a location is not practical. required component may be provided by recirculating e. The room envelope shall be sealed to provide a minimum room HVAC units. Such recirculating room HVAC differential pressure of 0. not receive nonfiltered, nonconditioned outdoor air; f. Differential pressure between AII rooms and adjacent ii. serve only a single space; and spaces that are not AII rooms shall be a minimum of —0. provide a minimum MERV 6 filter for airflow in. Spaces such as the toilet room and passing over any surface that is designed to con- the anteroom if present that are directly associated with dense water.

This filter shall be located upstream the AII room and open directly into the AII room are not of any such cold surface, so that all of the air pass- required to be designed with a minimum pressure differ- ing over the cold surface is filtered. ence from the AII room but are still required to maintain the pressure relationships to adjacent areas specified in 6. For air-handling systems serving multiple spaces, sys- Table 8. tem minimum outdoor air quantity shall be calculated g. When an anteroom is provided, the pressure relationships using one of the following methods: shall be as follows: 1 the AII room shall be at a negative i.

System minimum outdoor air quantity for an air- pressure with respect to the anteroom, and 2 the ante- handling system shall be calculated as the sum of room shall be at a negative pressure with respect to the the individual space requirements as defined by corridor. this standard. System minimum outdoor air quantity shall be cal- 8. The room envelope shall be sealed to provide a minimum The minimum outdoor air change rate listed in this differential pressure of 0. door airflow for purposes of this calculation. Each PE room shall comply with the requirements of Tables b. When occupied by patients requiring a c.

The health care sector is one of the largest segments of the U. GDP and the average hospital uses 2. Health care facilities serve a uniquely vulnerable population exposed to an elevated risk of health, fire, and safety hazard. Systems in health care facilities must be carefully designed to be installed, operated and maintained in coordination with specialized building services, including emergency and normal power, plumbing and medical gas systems, automatic transport, fire protection and a myriad of IT systems, all within a limited building envelope. This white paper provides a protocol for perioperative care areas when mechanical systems are unable to maintain relative humidity RH within the desired range that has been established by the facility for their specific operations.

For the purpose of this paper, a humidity control event occurs when the RH is above or below the established facility RH range. Download the White Paper. Developed in partnership with Facility Guidelines Institute FGI and American Society of Health Care Engineering ASHE , ASHRAE Standard has been providing key guidance on ventilation requirements for health care industry facilities since Use Standard alongside HVAC Design Manual for Hospitals and Clinics for comprehensive design guidance on hospitals, nursing and outpatient facilities. The second edition provides in-depth, up-to-date design recommendations based on best practices from consulting and hospital engineers with decades of experience in the design, construction, and operation of health care facilities.

It presents solutions that are proven, cost effective, and reliable; solutions that provide low maintenance cost and high reliability, with a focus on presenting what's different about health care HVAC. Available in English or Spanish. Health care facilities are among the largest and most energy-intensive buildings in a community, and their leadership recognizes that opportunities to conserve energy, reduce operating costs, and improve the environment are included in their stewardship with the communities they serve. However, there are limitations in the competitive and regulated market for providing the increasingly advanced building systems required for modern health care balanced with sustainability objectives.

Requirements for safety can be at odds with sustainability goals, for example. This standard therefore prescribes the procedures, methods, and documentation requirements for the design, construction, and operation of high-performance, sustainable health care facilities. For "standard" mid- to large-size hospital, typically at least , ft 2 , but the strategies apply to all sizes and classifications of large hospitals. Download the free PDF or purchase the print edition. For small hospitals and healthcare facilities up to 90, ft 2 , which require a wide variety of heating and air-conditioning equipment. Options for daylighting are included. The program, which was developed in collaboration with the American Society for Healthcare Engineering ASHE of the American Hospital Association, requires that participants meet certain eligibility criteria before being allowed to participate.

Designing and Operating High-Performing Healthcare HVAC Systems — Online. Healthcare Facilities: Best Practices for HVAC Design and Operation — 6 hours. Home Technical Resources Bookstore. Health Care Facilities Resources. Expert design guidance is essential. White Papers FREE DOWNLOAD - Humidity Control Events in Perioperative Care Areas This white paper provides a protocol for perioperative care areas when mechanical systems are unable to maintain relative humidity RH within the desired range that has been established by the facility for their specific operations. Other Resources ASHRAE Handbook—HVAC Applications, A09, Health Care Facilities I-P ASHRAE Handbook — HVAC Applications, A09, Health Care Facilities SI Healthcare-related ASHRAE Courses from ALI Healthcare ASHRAE Courses from ASHRAE eLearning Related Courses Designing and Operating High-Performing Healthcare HVAC Systems — Online Healthcare Facilities: Best Practices for HVAC Design and Operation — 6 hours.

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23/03/ · ANSI ASHRAE ASHE pdf blogger.comation of Health Care Facilities 3. DEFINITIONS absorption distance: the distance downstream of a humidifier required for all Ashrae Standard 17l [pdf] Free Download Book Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family. Dwellings most current edition of ASHRAE – ASHRAE a Errata (September 16, ) Free Download September Errata to Standard a -- Ventilation of Health Care Facilities (ANSI/ASHRAE/ASHE Approved) Standard , Ventilation of Health Care Facilities Standard (RA ) -- Peak Cooling and Heating Load Calculations in Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings ASHRAE pdf free download continues a long tradition of top-quality technical documents and takes readers beyond the basics. This ashrae table AASHRAE 11/03/ · ANSI/ASHRAE/ASHE pdf download – Ventilation of Health Care Facilities. Space Alterations. Alterations to spaces listed in Tables 7-I, 8-I, , and 9 ... read more

If anesthetic gases are administered, ventilation shall air pressure. This white paper provides a protocol for perioperative care areas when mechanical systems are unable to maintain relative humidity RH within the desired range that has been established by the facility for their specific operations. Mechanical Room Layout. An exterior vapor barrier shall be provided for insulation order to maintain room temperature and humidity con- on cold surfaces. Spaces such as the toilet room and patient room door.

Section 6. Ethylene oxide that escapes from a gas common space, ashrae standard 170 2017 free download. The diffusers shall be concentrated to b. Performance Rating Method Reference Manual by Khurram Razzaq. If supplemental background documents to support changes submitted are included, it is preferred that they also be in electronic form as word-processed or scanned documents. Additions shall 4. Each filter bank with an efficiency of greater 1 m above roof level.